Optimizing the relaxation route with optimal control

We look into the minimization of connection time between nonequilibrium steady states. As a prototypical example an intrinsically system, driven granular gas is considered. For time-independent driving, its natural scale for relaxation characterized from empirical (the function) and theoretical recently derived classical speed limits) point view. Using control theory, we find that bang-bang protocols (comprising two steps, heating with largest possible value driving cooling zero driving) minimize connecting time. The shorter than both limit: in this sense, beaten. Information theory quantities stemming Fisher information are also analyzed over these optimal protocols. implementation processes numerical simulations dynamics show excellent agreement predictions. Moreover, general implications our results discussed wide class systems. Specifically, analogous protocols, number bangs equal to relevant physical variables, give minimum under quite conditions.7 MoreReceived 26 July 2020Revised 17 January 2021Accepted 15 April 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023128Published by American Physical Society terms Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution work must maintain attribution author(s) published article's title, journal citation, DOI.Published SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasKinetic theoryNonequilibrium & irreversible thermodynamicsOptimization problemsPhysical SystemsGranular fluidsNonequilibrium systemsStatistical PhysicsNonlinear Dynamics